生物战剂检测技术及其研究进展

摘要

生物武器是由生物战剂及其释放装置所组成的一种大规模杀伤性武器，具有致病性强、污染面积大、传染途径多、成本低、使用方法简单、影响因素复杂等特点。虽然联合国明令禁止使用生物武器，但仍有一些国家和地区在继续进行生物武器的研究。另外，生物战剂在恐怖主义活动和非军事领域的非法使用对社会公共安全造成了严重的威胁。尽早发现生物战剂施放并确定其种类是生物武器防御与疫情控制的关键。因此，加强对生物战剂快速检测与预警技术的研究意义重大。该文对当前应用于生物战剂检测领域的主要技术及其研究进展进行了综述。%As a weapon of mass destruction ,the biological weapon , composed of biological warfare agents and their re-lease devices,is characterized by strong pathogenicity , large pollution areas, various routes of infection, low cost, user-friendliness and a large number of impact factors .Although the United Nations has banned the use of biological weapons , there are still some countries and regions that continue biological weapon researches .In addition, illegal use of biological warfare agents in the field of terrorism and non-military arena poses a serious threat to public safety .Early detection of bio-logical warfare agent use and determination of its type are crucial to biological weapon defense and epidemic control .There-fore, to enhance researches on rapid detection and early warning of biological warfare agents is of great significance .This paper reviews the main technologies currently applied to the field of biological warfare agent detection and their progress .