Objective: The paper aims of understanding the change of incidence of birth defects and its influencing factors, to provide the basis for birth defects prevention and intervention. Methods: Collected 170 cases of birth defects from the birth defects monitoring data in2003 - 2011 ,the chi-square test were used for analysis of the change of incidence of birth defects and its influencing factors. Results: The incidence of thebirth defects was 142.6 per million, the prenatal diagnosis rate is 17.65%, abnormal factors accounted for 41.12%; The first five rows of the birth defects are the Outer ear other deformities, multi-fingered, neural tube defects, clubfoot varus and limb shortening; Child born defective has a high incidence with mother below 20. Conclusion: Strengthening preconception care, prenatal care, prenatal screening and early pregnancy and pregnancy folic acid specification can be taken to prevent and reduce the incidence of birth defects.%目的:探讨新生儿出生缺陷的影响因素,为新生儿出生缺陷的预防和干预提供依据.方法:基于贵州省某医院2003 -2011年出生缺陷的监测数据,运用卡方检验分析170例新生儿出生缺陷的特征变化及其影响因素.结果:该院出生缺陷检出率为142.6/万,产前诊断率为17.65％,异常因素占41.12％;出生缺陷前5位分别为外耳其它畸形、多指、神经管缺陷、马蹄足内翻和肢体短缩；母亲年龄＜20岁缺陷儿发生率较高.结论:加强孕前保健、孕期保健、产前筛查和孕前与孕早期叶酸规范服用,是当前预防和减少出生缺陷发生的主要工作.
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