茶碱缓释片治疗成人支气管哮喘的有效性及安全性

摘要

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of theophylline sustained-release tablets treatment of adult bronchial asthma.Methods Total of 100 cases of adult bronchial asthma in Qinhuangdao Second Hospital from Sep.2012 to Sep.2014 were included in the study,and were divided into a theophylline group and a salbutamol group according to the drawing method,each with 50 cases.The theophylline group was treated with theophylline sustained-release tablets(200 mg every time,twice a day,for two weeks),the salbutamol group was given salbutamol(10 mg every time,once a day,for two weeks).The pulmonary func-tion,clinical indexes before and after treatment,curative effect and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results After treatment,the first second forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity and peak expiratory flow of the theophylline group were significantly different from before treatment and the salbu-tamol group[(2.1 ±0.4) L vs (1.7 ±0.1) L,(1.7 ±0.2) L;(3.1 ±0.9) L vs (2.6 ±0.8) L,(2.8 ± 0.6) L;(322.3 ±6.2) L/min vs (268.2 ±32.2) L/min,(267.9 ±34.0) L/min] (P<0.05),the clini-cal signs and symptoms scores,nighttime awakenings times were statistically lower than the salbutamol group [(1.9 ±0.3) scores vs (2.2 ±0.4) scores,(0.16 ±0.03) times vs (0.74 ±0.15) times,P <0.01]. The total effective rate of the theophylline group was 92.0%(46/50),significantly higher than the salbuta-mol group (74.0%,37/50)(χ2 =5.741,P=0.017),the curative effect of the theophylline group was bet-ter than the salbutamol group(Z=3.483,P=0.001).Adverse reactions of the theophylline was 14.0%(7/50),lower than the salbutamol group(20.0%,10/50) (P>0.05).Conclusion The effect of theophylline treatment of adult bronchial asthma is good ,which can effectively improve the lung function ,relieve the clini-cal symptoms,without increasing adverse reactions.%目的：探讨茶碱缓释片治疗成人支气管哮喘的有效性及安全性。方法选择2012年9月至2014年9月秦皇岛第二医院收治的成人支气管哮喘患者100例，采用抽签法将其分为茶碱组（50例）和沙丁胺醇组（50例）。茶碱组给予茶碱缓释片治疗（每次200 mg，每隔12 h口服1次，连续服用2周），沙丁胺醇组采用沙丁胺醇片治疗（每次10 mg，每日1次，连续2周），比较两组患者治疗后的肺功能、临床指标、疗效以及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后，茶碱组的第1秒用力呼气量（ FEV1）、用力肺活量（ FVC）以及呼气峰流量（ PEF）与治疗前以及沙丁胺醇组比较差异均有统计学意义[（2.1±0.4） L 比（1.7±0.1） L、（1.7±0.2） L；（3.1±0.9） L 比（2.6±0.8） L、（2.8±0.6） L；（322.3±6.2） L／min比（268.2±32.2） L／min、（267.9±34.0） L／min]（P ＜0.05）；茶碱组临床症状和体征评分、夜间觉醒次数显著低于沙丁胺醇组[（1.9±0.3）分比（2.2±0.4）分、（0.16±0.03）次比（0.74±0.15）次]（P＜0.01）。治疗后，茶碱组的总有效率为92.0％（46／50），显著高于沙丁胺醇组的74.0％（37／50）（χ2＝5.741，P ＝0.017），两组患者的疗效比较，差异有统计学意义（Z＝3.483，P＝0.001）。茶碱组不良反应发生率为14.0％（7／50），与沙丁胺醇组的20.0％（10／50）比较，差异无统计学意义（ P＞0.05）。结论茶碱缓释片治疗成人支气管哮喘的效果确切，其能够有效改善患者的肺功能，缓解临床症状，且不增加不良反应。