连云港海岸带土地利用变化生态效应量化研究

摘要

The paper carries out a study on the land use change of the coastal zone and the ecological footprint and ecological capacity in four periods from 1987 to 2012 in Lianyungang, with GIS spatial analysis, image interpretation of TM and ETM, land use polygons extraction, mathematical statistical analysis and ecological footprint method. The result manifested that the main land use type is sea area, saltern, construction land and arable land from 1987 to 2012;arable land and construction land changes acutely with largest decrease in arable land, while the greatest increases in construction land. The utilization of natural resources in Liangyungang is increasing to fill the gap caused by the capacities of the natural ecological system, the conflicts between ecological footprint and ecological capacity are going up, the present developing model is not sustainable, the ecological environment is at risk.%以连云港海岸带土地利用变化为研究对象,通过GIS空间分析、TM和ETM卫星遥感影像判读解译、土地利用图斑提取、数理统计分析和生态足迹分析等技术,研究连云港海岸带1987-2012年4个时间段土地利用变化特点及其生态足迹和生态承载力数值.研究结果表明:生态足迹和生态承载力是一种有效的海岸带土地利用变化生态环境效应定量计算方法,计算显示,在1987-2012年期间,占主要地位的土地利用类型是海域、盐场、建筑用地和耕地;近二十多年,耕地和建设用地变化幅度大,耕地面积逐年减少,建设用地面积快速增大;同时,研究区生态足迹已逐渐超出自然生态系统生态承载力阈值,两者之间矛盾日益明显,生态环境已趋于不安全状态,须尽快调整海岸带土地利用模式,使之可持续发展.