对于商用车整车正面碰撞安全性,国标主要考察两个部分:整车结构耐撞性与对应乘员保护,分别影响车身结构设计与约束系统开发,两方面需相互协作方可保证整车符合法规要求.建立了汽车正面碰撞有限元模型,并对其进行验证.在建立的模型的基础上,使用HyperMesh和LS-DYNA软件进行联合正面碰撞仿真分析,综合评价了整车碰撞性能.针对正碰过程中出现的整车加速度偏高的问题,选取汽车前部的保险杠系统和前纵梁部件为分析对象,进行了相应的结构改进.结果表明:改进后的结构在保证了驾驶舱完整性的同时大大改善了整车加速度曲线,为后期约束系统的开发奠定了良好基础.%Aimed at a kind of a commercial vehicle of NAVECO, the crash finite element model of the whole vehicle isestablished in the design stage. According to the regulations of GB 11551—20032014, the CAE simulation is carriedout for the 48.5 km/h 100% frontal crash. The simulation acceleration curves of left and right pillar B, the front deformation, the deformation of front side rail, the deformation of front floor are analyzed. The comparison between thesimulation and the crashing test confirms the effectiveness of the finite element model. To increase its crashworthiness capacity, a kind of energy absorbing box is developed and installed in the car. Besides, some modifications are performed with the frame parts. The crash simulation with the improved vehicle is carried out. The crash simulation results of the improvedvehicle shows an obvious improvement in energy absorption and crash acceleration.
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