工程车辆驾驶室落物保护结构优化与试验研究

摘要

The engineering vehicle cab FOPS ( falling-object protective structures) mainly contains two parts:top guard and front guard.According to the characteristics of the engineering vehicle cab security architectures, it establishes the top guard model impacted with falling hammer based on LS-DYNA software, the breakage phenomenon shows that the stiffness of the top guard is weak and leads to the impact resistance of top guard un-qualified.It discusses the cause of the stiffness insufficient, applies the orthogonal experimental design for the dominant factors to obtain the simulation performance of the top guard.The optimization design meets the re-quirements of the national standard.On this basis, it does the simulation mechanical bearing capacity of the front guard with LS-DYNA and the experimental test.The results show that simulative result coincides with the ex-perimental well.%工程车辆驾驶室落物保护结构包括顶保护结构和前保护结构两大部分. 针对工程车辆驾驶室落物保护结构的特点,运用非线性有限元软件( LS-DYNA)模拟了落锤冲击顶保护结构的过程,研究了顶保护结构在落锤冲击下的破坏情况,得出了现有的顶保护结构整体刚度偏小的结论. 对其抗冲击性能不满足标准要求的原因进行了分析研究,对影响顶保护结构整体刚度的主要因素进行了正交优化,使得数值模拟得到的抗冲击性能达到了国标要求. 在此基础上,对前保护结构进行了力学性能分析,并进行了试验研究,通过对比有限元分析结果与试验结果,验证了二者的一致性.