基于正交试验的数控切削参数对铝合金表面Ra值的影响

摘要

The differences of materials and processing conditions for test specmen could result in the differences in processing sur￣face quality. To find the effect law of multi-factor on the Ra value of the processing surface of a workpiece and provide reliable tech￣nical support for the improvement of its surface quality,orthogonal experiments are carried out using aluminium al oy on CNC lathe. Speed of mainshaft,back engagement of cutting edge and feed rate are chosen as experimental factors. Range analysis is combined with test trend diagram. The experimental result shows that the primary and secondary order of the experimental factors is feed rate F,speed of mainshaft S,back engagement of cutting edge ap. Optimal solution F3 S3 ap2 is not included in each testing program,this just shows the predictability of this experiment design.%试件材料的不同以及加工条件的不同，所得的加工表面质量也不同。为在短时间内找到多因素对工件加工表面Ra值的影响规律，更好地为提高零件表面质量提供可靠的技术支撑，采用铝合金材料在数控车床上进行正交试验。选取主轴转速、背吃刀量及进给量为试验因素，将极差分析与试验趋势图相结合，结果表明，在各种实验因素中，从主到次的影响顺序为：进给量F，主轴转速S，背吃刀量ap，经过实验确定的优选方案为F3 S3 ap2，而中个方案并不包含在所做的各个试验方案中，这正体现了正交试验设计的预见性。