高碱值清净剂的抗磨性研究

摘要

Overbased detergent is an indispensable additive in engine oil and is widely used in engine oil to improve the oil＇s performance.Recent research discovered that the overbased detergent has good anti-wear character.In this paper,the anti-wear character of overbased detergent is summarized.Taking overbased sulfonate calcium for example,the appearance,constitution and structure of protective film formed by overbased sulfonate calcium on metal surfaces are introduced.And the anti-wear characters of other kinds of overbased detergents are also introduced and compared.It is reported that the anti-wear character of calcite overbased sulfonate calcium is better than that of amorphous overbased sulfonate calcium and the anti-wear character become worse when ZDDP combined with overbased detergent.These will be useful to engine oil researchers.%高碱值清净剂是内燃机油中不可或缺的一种添加剂,主要用于提高内燃机油的性能。近年来的研究发现,高碱值清净剂具有良好的抗磨性能。文章总结了高碱值清净剂的抗磨性,以高碱值磺酸钙为例,介绍了摩擦后高碱值磺酸钙在金属表面形成的含钙保护膜,包括保护膜的形态、组成及结构。列举了其他种类清净剂的抗磨性,并对全配方汽油机油中不同种类高碱值清净剂的抗磨性做了比较。介绍了方解石型高碱值磺酸钙抗磨性要优于无定形高碱值磺酸钙,二烷基二硫代磷酸锌与高碱值清净剂复合后抗磨性的变差。通过综述高碱值清净剂的抗磨性,为其抗磨性的发挥和内燃机油的配制提供参考。