东晋南朝乐府民歌创作主体考

摘要

东晋南朝乐府吸收了大量南方民歌。而这些民歌大都特色鲜明：《清商曲辞》中的《昊声歌》和《西曲歌》以情歌为主，却反映不同地域、社会阶层、职业差别；《神弦歌》为祭祀歌曲；而《杂曲歌辞》、《杂歌谣辞》或诉说爱情，或讽刺时事，反应人民最直接的心声。而从创作主体看，这些所谓“民歌”其实有相当一部分是文人、乐工、歌伎创作或润色。%The Yue -Fu poems in East Jin and Southern Dynasties collected many southern folk songs beside the literati poetries. These folk songs are different in the main contents and characteristics. The New Qingshang Music such as the Wu Sheng Ge and Xi Qu are both love songs, but show different in origin and social status; Shen-Xian Songs are sacrificed to youth, and the Za Qu Lyrics and the Ballad ＆ Miscellaneous often recount love and irony reality. Meanwhile, the authorship of these poetry includes literati, artist, etc, not only the populace.