《元刊杂剧三十种》中“如”字平比句之探赜

摘要

There are four syntactic forms as regards equal comparative sentences in Thirty Kinds of Plays in Yuan Dy- nasty, such as "X' rn (如 )' Y", "XW ' ru ( 如 )' Y", "X' ru ( 如 )' YW" and "X' ru ( 如)' YZ" type. As a result of new norm and adjustment, the "ru(如) " equal comparative sentences in Thirty Kinds of Plays in Yuan Dynasty show obvious transitional features, which adopt not only the old pattern, but also develop new sentence pattern. Ei- ther in structure or syntactic function, each sentence pattern has been expanded, forming a new system of "ru (如 ) " equal comparative sentences.%《元刊杂剧三十种》中的“如”字平比句共有四种句法格式，即“X如Y”式、“XW如Y”式、“X如YW”式和“X如YZ”式。《杂剧》中的“如”字平比句经过新的规范和调整，呈现出较鲜明的过渡特点，既沿用了旧的句式，又有新的句式萌芽与发展。各个句式无论在结构形式还是在句法功能上都得到了扩展，从而形成新的“如”字平比句系统。