黑桑色素提取工艺的优化研究

摘要

Objective To study the optimal technique of pigment extraction fromMorus nigra Linn,and to mensurate its colored value.Methods On the basis of single factor experiments,L9 (3 4 )orthogonal exper-iments were performed.The ultraviolet spectrophotometry method was used for mensurate pigment colored value fromM .nigra Linn.The ethanol concentration,extraction time,extraction temperature and pH value of extraction were studied with the colored value in content as the index.Result The influence order was as follows: ethanol concentration > extraction temperature > pH value of extraction >extraction time.The ethanol concentration had a significant effect on pigment extraction,while extraction time,extraction temperature and pH value of extraction had mot.The optimal conditions were as follows:60% of ethanol concentration,25℃ of extraction temperature,6 h of extraction time and 6 of extraction pH value.Conclusion The optimization process is reasonable and feasible.The method developed here is efficient,stable,repeatable and with lower cost.%目的：以色素色价为指标，研究从黑桑中提取色素的较佳提取工艺。方法在单因素实验基础上，采用 L9（34）正交试验设计安排实验，采用紫外光谱法测定黑桑中色素的色价。选用乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取温度及提取 pH 值作为研究因素，以提取液中色素的色价为考察指标。结果各因素对色素提取率的影响程度大小顺序为：乙醇浓度＞提取温度＞提取 pH＞提取时间，乙醇浓度对色素提取的影响具有显著性，而提取时间、提取温度及提取 pH 值的影响不显著。经 L9（34）正交试验和方差分析，确定从黑桑中提取色素较佳工艺条件为：乙醇浓度为60％，温度为25℃，时间为6 h，pH 值为6。结论优化工艺合理可行，提取效率高，稳定成本低，重现性好，适合于大规模生产。