略论海德格尔的历史思想∗

摘要

海德格尔作为一个哲学家看似没有直接论述历史的专著，但其思想却是以“此在”的历史性为核心，突出表现的是人的历史性意识，由此建构了关于历史性思想的系统理论。他通过对西方传统哲学即形而上学的批判和扬弃，开显了“此在”的历史性意识，获得了对历史之本性即时间性与生命性的真切认知，由此宣布哲学即形而上学的终结而提出澄明历史性之思的任务。海德格尔对“此在”历史性的理论解读正是对历史之为历史的根本性诠释，其历史观念亦就此而得以呈现。%As a philosopher, Heidegger seems to have no special books on history. However, he has constructed the system theory of historicity which focuses on the analysis of consciousness of people’ s historicity with the core of historicity of Dasein. He criticized and sublated western traditional philosophy which is metaphysics, opened a significant Dasein’ s consciousness,and got real understanding of the nature of history, which is time and life. Therefore,he announced the end of metaphysics and philosophy and put forward the task of thinking that enlightens the historicity. Heidegger’ s understanding of the theory of Dasein’ s historicity is a fundamental interpreta-tion of history.