六旋翼无人机在城市测量中的应用

摘要

低空无人机目前已广泛应用于定点监控、高压线路监察、影视航拍、武警消防、空中监测、地理勘察等领域。而随着飞行控制、航空摄影、无线传输等子系统的逐渐完善，低空无人机也逐步成为小范围、高精度、实时、快速城市测量的重要平台。在城市测量中由于起飞场地的限制，小型固定翼飞机起飞与回收的安全性很难保证，而旋翼无人机却可以垂直起降，并能空中悬停，其不受起飞场地的限制，也利于获取清晰准确的影像信息。为此，本文简述了城市测量中基于六旋翼无人机信息获取系统的功能模型及其特点，分析了相关的关键技术，并对其精度进行测试，测试结果表明，六旋翼无人机在天气状况良好，像控点密度、分布符合要求的情况下，基本可以满足1∶500城市测量地形图的要求。%Low-altitude UAV has been widely used on sentinel surveillance ,monitoring of high-voltage wires ,television aerial ,armed police fire-fighting ,aerial surveillance ,geographical reconnaissance and etc .With the gradual improve-ment of flight control ,aerial photography and wireless transmission subsystems ,low-altitude UAVs have gradually become an important small-scale ,high-precision ,real-time and rapid urban measurement platform .Due to space limitations of the airports in the urban surveying ,the safe operation of small fixed-wing aircrafts is not guaranteed ,while rotor UAV which is not restricted by the airports ,can accomplish VTOL and mid-air hovering .Therefore ,more accurate and high definition footage can be easily achieved .Here ,the application of six-rotor UAV in urban surveying was introduced based on the functional model and its characteristics of the information acquisition system .The relevant key technology was ana-lyzed and its accuracy was tested .The test results indicate that the six-rotor UAV can basically meet the requirements of 1∶500 topographic mapping in urban surveying ,when the weather is good and the density and the distribution of the im-age-controlling points meet the requirements .