电磁波测距中气象因素影响及改正方法

摘要

In the course of distance measurement using electromagnetic wave ,meteorological factors are the major exter-nal factors that affect the measurement of distance as well as the accuracy and selection of apparatus .Based on the analy-sis of meteorological effect on electromagnetic wave distance measurement ,the modification methods of deviations caused by meteorological factors , such as direct correction , differential correction , and model correction were discussed . Through practical application of each calculation method ,it is concluded that model correction is more suitable for allevi-ating effect of meteorological factors in the course of deformation observation of high frequency and massive given data .%在电磁波测距过程中，气象因素是严重影响测距测程、精度和仪器使用的主要外在因素之一。在分析气象因素对电磁波测距实际影响的基础上，探讨气象误差的直接改正法、差分改正法、模型改正法，并通过实例分别进行计算后指出在观测频率大、已知数据量大的变形观测中，模型改正法是一种更为合适的减弱气象因素影响的方法。