轮胎结构振动声学贡献度分析及降噪方法研究

摘要

以载重子午线轮胎295／80R22．5为研究对象，建立了其三维有限元分析模型，进行了有限元模态分析和试验模态测试，对比分析表明二者具有良好的一致性，说明所建有限元分析模型的正确性。为分析轮胎的振动噪声，建立了该子午线轮胎声学边界元模型。将滚动过程中轮胎与路面的作用力作为轮胎振动激励，运用模态声学传递向量 MATV技术，分析了轮胎外轮廓结构对场点的声学贡献度，通过幅值－相位法确定胎面和胎侧是声学正贡献部件。为降低轮胎结构振动辐射噪声，在声学正贡献部件胎面和胎侧处引入聚氨酯类吸音材料，噪声分析结果表明，聚氨酯材料的使用能够有效地降低胎面和胎侧的振动加速度响应，降低轮胎的振动辐射噪声。%Taking the radial heavy duty tire 295/80R22.5 as a research object,a three dimensional finite element model was established based on which the computational modal analysis were conducted.The comparison between the results of computational modal analysis and experimental tests shows that they have good consistency,which proves the accuracy of finite element analysis model.In order to study the vibration radiated noise of tire,a boundary element model of the tire was built and the acoustic contribution of each part of tire contour structure was acquired making use of the MATV technology.By using the amplitude-phase method,it is testified that tread and sidewall are the positive acoustic structure.In order to reduce the vibration radiated noise,a sound-absorption material,namely polyurethane,was introduced into the tire tread and sidewall.The noise analysis results show that polyurethane material can effectively decrease the vibration acceleration responses of the tread and sidewall,and reduce the vibration radiated noise of tire, reducing the tire vibration noise.