不同种植密度和空间布局方式对夏玉米灌浆速率和籽粒品质的影响

摘要

In this paper, a split-plot experiment was designed to study the effects of different planting densities and row spacing modes on filling rate and grain quality of a summer maize variety ZD958. Four planting densities were 93 000, 81 000, 69 000 and 57 000 plants/hm2, respectively. Three row spacing modes were one plant per spot with equal row, three plants per spot with equal row and three plants per spot with wide and narrow row, respectively. The results indicate that grain filling process did not significantly change with planting density increase while row spacing mode probably affected grain filling under the same planting density. Neither planting density nor row spacing significantly influenced crude protein and fat content, while higher planting density, such as 93 000 plants/hm2, could significantly decrease soluble sugar content and sucrose content. The cropping pattern of three plants per spot with wide and narrow row could significantly decrease sucrose content. Therefore, it was concluded that in order to increase the economic benefits of maize production, the planting density and row spacing mode should be adjusted in accordance with the requirement for yield or quality in practice.%采用裂区试验设计，研究了不同种植密度和空间布局方式对夏玉米品种郑单958灌浆速率和籽粒品质的影响。4种种植密度分别为9.3、8.1、6.9和5.7万株/hm2，3种空间布局方式分别为等行距1穴1株、等行距1穴3株和宽窄行1穴3株。结果表明：随着种植密度的提高，籽粒灌浆过程并未受到显著影响，同一种植密度下，不同空间布局方式一定程度上影响了籽粒灌浆。种植密度和空间布局方式对玉米籽粒粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量没有显著影响，但高种植密度（9.3万株/hm2）能够显著降低籽粒可溶性糖和蔗糖含量，宽窄行1穴3株种植方式可以显著降低籽粒蔗糖含量。因此，可根据玉米消费者对产量和品质的需求进行相应种植密度和空间布局方式的调整，以提高玉米生产的经济效益。