黑茶是以茶树(Camellia sinensis)鲜叶或成熟新梢为原料,经杀青、揉捻、渥堆、干燥等加工工艺制成的茶产品.黑茶香气优雅醇正,滋味甘甜醇厚,内含物质丰富,品质独特.迄今为止,大量的体外细胞实验和动物模型研究均证实了黑茶及其功能成分对高血糖、高血压、高血脂等诸多疾病具有潜在的防治功效.特别是近十年来,茶叶功能成分与健康的分子机制等相关研究进展很快,这些研究成果不仅为黑茶预防疾病提供理论依据,在一定程度上也促进了黑茶消费.本文对黑茶的品质特征及其健康功效近五年来的主要研究进展进行综述.%Dark tea is made from fresh leaves or mature shoots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis). Its manufacture process includes fixing, rolling, stacking and drying. The healthy benefit s of dark tea attracted much attention. So far, a large number of in vitro experiments and animal model studies have revealed the potential ly preventive effects of functional components in dark tea on some diseases, including hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and many other diseases. During the past ten years, there had made a huge advance in research on functional components and healthy benefits of dark tea. These results not only provided a reliable theoretical basis for better understanding of health effects of dark tea, but also played an important role in promoting dark tea consumption. In this paper, the characteristics of dark tea and the progress of health effects of dark tea during the past five years were reviewed. The direction for future research was also proposed.
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