我国义务教育阶段教师流动机制研究

摘要

“Education is the essence of kindness, while teacher is the essence of education.” Nowadays, compulsory education enjoys balanced development and this gives teachers new missions. They need to speed up mobility and enhance the vitality of education. However, teachers’ turnover during compulsory education is imbalanced which mainly reflects in the fields of different areas, academic titles, educations, ages and genders. There are some reasons attributing to the imbalance, such as education administration’s incorrect faith, inefficient communication among schools, teacher’s different rewarding between urban and rural areas, etc. Thus, in the process of constructing teachers’ turnover mechanism in our compulsory education system, the education managers first should establish concept of balanced education development. Secondly, schools should have consistent execution ability. Thirdly, our policies incline to improve teachers’ wages through reforming investment mechanism and establishing special allowance for those in village and needy schools. Only in this way, can teachers’ turnovers overall be normal.%　　“善之本在教，教之本在师”，义务教育不断均衡发展的今天，对教师提出了新的使命——加快流动、增强教育活力，但义务教育阶段的教师流动存在着不平衡性，主要表现为城乡不平衡和校际不平衡。教师的流动意愿存在着地域、职称、学历、年龄、性别等方面的差别。造成这种现状的原因有教育行政方面、观念偏差、学校缺乏沟通、教师的工资待遇存在着城乡差别等。构建我国义务教育阶段教师流动机制，教育管理者要树立以教师流动促进教育均衡的发展观，学校要有实打实的执行力，从改革农村基础教育投资体制和建立农村教师、薄弱学校教师特殊津贴制度着手，全面提高教师的工资待遇，使教师全员流动要成为一种常态