高频超声在大鼠胶原诱导性关节炎模型中的应用

摘要

Objective To assess the performance of high-frequency ultrasound in evaluating articular lesions in a rat of model collagen-induced arthritis model (CIA). Methods Sixty Wistar rats randomized into CIA group (n=50) and the control group (n=10), and in the former group, CIA was induced by immunization with collagen type II. On day 45, the ankle joint was assessed based on the arthritic index (AI) and examined with high-frequency ultrasound in all the rats. Histological evaluations of the joint were performed and the results were compared with ultrasound findings. Results In CIA group, 62 ankles were confirmed pathologically to have synovitis with typical inflammatory cell infiltration and pannus formation. AI score-based diagnosis was confirmed in 42 ankles with a detection rate of 68%(42/62), significantly lower than the rate of 87%(54/62) with high-frequency ultrasound (P<0.05). Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound is an ideal method for observing CIA in rats in vivo. High-frequency ultrasound can show blood flow in rheumatoid arthritis and is useful in studies of RA synovial angiogenesis.%目的：建立稳定的大鼠胶原诱导关节炎（CIA）模型，尝试应用高频超声在体观察CIA大鼠关节病变，评价超声在RA小动物实验研究中的应用价值。方法60只Wistar大鼠分为模型组（50只）和空白组（10只），模型组采用牛Ⅱ型胶原与完全弗氏佐剂在尾部皮内注射，14 d后同样方法加强免疫。空白组同期给予生理盐水注射。定期观察两组小鼠的关节和关节外表现。第45天对所有实验大鼠进行踝关节评分（AI）及高频超声检查；处死大鼠，对60只大鼠共120个踝关节进行病理检查，与AI及超声结果进行对比。结果对照组均未发病。模型组50只大鼠共100个踝关节经病理证实62个发生滑膜炎，病理切片显示典型的炎性细胞浸润，滑膜增生，软骨及软骨下骨破坏，部分伴血管翳形成。使用AI诊断其中42个，检出率为67.8%；高频超声诊断54个，检出率77.4%，二者具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论高频超声成功显示CIA大鼠踝关节类风湿病变。高频超声无创性反映关节病变可以作为类风湿性关节炎小动物模型研究的理想影像学方法，构建类风湿关节炎发病机制及治疗研究的评价体系。