大型油船和散货船波激振动及其对结构疲劳寿命的影响

摘要

Based on the springing model tests of one large oil tanker and bulk carrier, the phenomenon of springing is investigated; the influence of springing to structural fatigue is calculated by stress data for short-term sea state measured from model tests. Moreover, one simplified method is proposed to analyze the springing in short-term sea state and the influence to structural fatigue. And, the influences of springing to structural fatigue in long-term sea state for some typical sea routes are studied. The results show that the oil tanker and bulk carrier have obvious springing under ballast condition, which is different for various routes. The simplified method could assess the fatigue damage due to springing properly, and which has some practical value in engineering.%通过一艘大型油船和一艘大型散货船在水池中的波激振动模型试验，研究了规则波和不规则波中的船体波激振动现象，利用试验获得的短期海况下的高低频应力数据计算分析了波激振动对实船典型结构疲劳损伤的影响。在此基础上，通过对试验数据的规律性研究，提出了一种快速估算短期海况中船体波激振动特征及其对结构疲劳寿命影响的方法。利用该方法，结合几条典型航线的长期海况统计资料，研究了不同航线上船体波激振动对结构疲劳寿命的影响。研究结果认为：大型油船和散货船在压载状态下存在明显的波激振动现象，不同航线上的波激振动强度及其对结构疲劳寿命的影响差别较大；快速估算方法能够合理地评估船体在波激振动下的结构疲劳损伤，具有一定的工程实用价值。