By using DEA-Tobit method and SFA method, we empirically analyze the influence of the human capital stock and its structure on the transformation efficiency of technological achievements with the data of 30 provinces in 2002-2012. It shows that the human capital stock does not have significant effect on the transformation efficiency in whole country and only the junior level human capital has significant effect on it. Therefore, it is important to establish and improve the interest-oriented mechanism, encourage high- quality talent to actively participate in technological achievement transformation, and improve the reform in project evaluation.%基于2002-2012年中国30个省域的面板数据,运用DEA-Tobit两步法和SFA一步法实证检验人力资本及其结构对科技成果转化效率的影响,研究发现人力资本存量没有显著促进科技成果转化效率的提高,在人力资本结构中只有初中层次人力资本对科技成果转化效率有积极作用,而高中及以上层次的人力资本都未能成为科技成果向现实生产力转化的主要推动力量. 健全科技成果转化利益机制,鼓励高素质人才积极参与成果转化工作,完善改革项目评价制度,是有效发挥人力资本对科技成果转化积极作用的关键.
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