政治演讲中人际意义的身份建构功能分析--以奥巴马在美国海军学院2013届毕业生毕业典礼上的演讲为例

摘要

人际功能是系统功能语言学的三大元功能之一。本文以韩礼德系统功能语法中人际功能为主要理论，在语气和情态两个子系统的框架内，对奥巴马在海军学院2013届毕业生毕业典礼上的演讲进行了人际意义分析。通过分析发现：在政治演讲中，演讲者多使用陈述语气来阐述信念、表达肯定、树立权威；在情态方面，多使用中高量值情态动词来说服听众以响应自己的号召。借此，演讲者在演讲过程中运用人际功能的手段对自我形象进行有效建构，以实现其政治目的。%The interpersonal function is one of the three metafunctions in systemic functional linguistics .Taking the interpersonal function in Halliday’s systemic functional grammar as a theoretical framework ,this paper analyzes the interpersonal meaning in Obama’s Speech in 2013 on the United States Naval Academy graduation ceremony within the framework of two subsystems --- mood and modality .According to the analysis ,the speaker often adopts indicative mood to demonstrate faith ,express affirmation and build authority in political speech ;and from the perspective of modality ,the speaker usually employs high value modal verbs to persuade the audience to respond to his call .Based on this , the speaker uses the means of interpersonal function in the process of giving a speech to actively realize his identity construction and achieve his political purposes .