在风浪影响下的集装箱船航速分析

摘要

为优化集装箱船航速,减少油耗,在考虑风浪干扰的基础上,根据船舶航行中的功率关系,建立船舶减速模型.该模型能够计算出在不同风浪条件下船体所受风、浪干扰力以及船舶减速幅度.将建立的减速模型与现有的拟合模型进行对比,结果表明,来自船舶正横前和正横后的风浪合力对船舶航行起到阻碍作用.当风浪来自船舶正横前时船舶降速的幅度较大;当风浪来自船舶正横后时船舶降速幅度较小;船舶降速幅度在相同风浪条件下会随着航速的增大而减小.建立的减速模型比拟合模型更具有适用性,利用建立的模型能够较为准确地估算出在风浪影响下船舶的减速幅度.%To optimize the speed of container ships so as to reduce fuel consumption,considering the disturbance of wind and wave,a model for determining reduced speed is designed according to the power relationship of underway ships.The wind and wave disturbance forces applied to the hull and the deceleration range of ships under different conditions of wind and wave can be obtained by the model.The model is compared with the existing fitting model,which shows that the resultant force of wind and wave from the forward of the beam and abaft the beam hinders the navigation of ships.The speed loss is larger when the wind and wave are from the forward of the beam;the speed loss is lower when the wind and wave are abaft the beam;in the same wind and wave condition,the speed loss becomes lower with the speed being up.The proposed model is more applicable than the fitting model.By the model,the reduced speed can be estimated accurately.