考虑环境负荷的长江干线流域集装箱运输瓶颈解决方案

摘要

鉴于三峡船闸的通过能力已成为制约长江航运发展的瓶颈,从可持续发展的角度出发,以减少集装箱运输的环境负荷为目标,综合考虑运输方式、运输费用和运输时间等因素,寻求解决三峡船闸通过能力不足的方案.构建由长江水路与区域公路组成的运输网络模型,确定各路段的运输属性特征,给出水路和公路运输环境负荷的计算方法.分析集装箱在水陆联运网络上的路径选择行为.在多种集装箱运输需求下,分析各解决方案的优劣,确定优化方案.相比翻坝运输方案,扩闸(即扩大船闸通过能力)方案更高效环保,符合节能减排的可持续发展要求,对长江经济带的可持续发展具有重要的战略意义.%In view of the fact that the capacity of the Three Gorges ship lock has become a bottleneck for the Yangtze River shipping development, a solution to the lack of capacity of the Three Gorges ship lock is sought from a sustainable development perspective with the objective of lower environmental load of container transport, where the factors of transport mode, transport cost and transport time are considered comprehensively.The transport network model is built composed of the waterway and highway in the Yangtze River area, the transport attribute of each section is determined, and a calculation method to environmental load is given for waterway and highway transport.Path choice behaviors of containers in the network are analyzed.Different solutions are evaluated under various container transport demands and the optimal scheme is determined.Compared with the over-the-dam transport scheme, the scheme of the dock capacity expansion is more efficient and environment-friendly, meets the sustainable development requirement of energy conservation and emission reduction, and is of important strategic significance for sustainable development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.