启蒙与现代性：一个再思考--基于康德和福柯的启蒙观

摘要

康德和福柯先后对“什么是启蒙”这个经典问题所做出的回答，显示了启蒙在现代性和后现代性不同语境中的意义。从一定意义上说，启蒙精神也就是批判精神，启蒙不但塑造了现代性，也塑造了后现代性。作为一种批判的哲学态度和气质，后现代性和现代性一样，都是启蒙精神的时代表征，都揭示了主体的生存态势。%The answers given by Kant and Foucault to the classic question "what is enlightenment",display the significance of enlightenment in different context in modernity and post modernity. In a certain sense,the en-lightenment spirit is the spirit of criticism. It not only shape the enlightenment modernity,but it also create post modernith. As a philosophical attitude towards criticism and temperament,both post modernity and modernity are the spirit of the Enlightenment era characterization,revealing the main survival situation.