心理弹性在精神科护士自我效能与应对方式中的中介作用

摘要

目的：探讨精神科护士心理弹性、自我效能和应对方式的相关性。方法使用一般资料问卷、简易应对方式量表、一般自我效能感量表（GSES）和心理弹性问卷（CD-RISC）对山东省5家地市级精神病专科医院的605名精神科临床护士进行调查。结果精神科护士简易应对方式量表中积极应对方式评分高于全国常模（P＜0．01），消极应对方式低于全国常模（P＜0．01）；不同性别精神科护士CD-RISC评分比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；精神科护士简易应对方式量表中积极应对与消极应对、GSES、CD-RISC呈正相关（P＜0．01），GSES与CD-RISC呈正相关（P＜0．01）；心理弹性在自我效能对积极应对方式的作用中起到部分中介效应，中介效应为25．6％。结论心理弹性在精神科护士应对方式中发挥着重要作用，提高精神科护士的心理弹性和自我效能感，是促进护士采取积极应对方式的有效方法。%Objective To explore the relationship among psychological resilience,self-efficacy and coping style in psychiatric nurses.Methods 605 psychiatric nurses in five mental health hospitals in Shandong Province were recruited and assessed with general information questionnaire,simplified coping style questionnaire,General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES ) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).Results The factor score of positive coping style in simplified coping style questionnaire in psychiatric nurses was significantly higher than the norm (P <0.01 ),while factor score of negative coping style was significantly lower than the norm (P<0.01).Scores of CD-RISC showed significant gender difference (P<0.05).Factor score of positive coping style in simplified coping style questionnaire was positively correlated with factor score of negative coping style, total scores of GSES and CD-RISC (P<0.01).Score of GSES was significantly positively correlated with score of CD-RISC (P<0.01).Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and coping style and the mediating effect was 25 .6%.Conclusion Psychological resilience plays an important role in coping style in psychiatric nurses.Enhancing psychological resilience and self-efficacy is an effective access for psychiatric nurses to promote positive coping manner.