论刑法中的事后自救

摘要

刑法中的事后自救有着不同于一般意义上的自救行为的特别意义，它是刑法中的违法性阻却事后即正当化事由之一。刑法中的事后自救有着从起因要件、时机要件到主体要件、主观要件再到对象要件和限度要件的系列性构成要件或成立条件。不符合构成要件或成立条件的自救行为轻者是过失犯罪，重者是故意犯罪，不仅可以实施正当防卫或紧急避险，甚至可以实施“刑法中的事后反自救”。%Post hoc self-rescue in Criminal Law is different from common self -rescue behaviors and it re-fers to one of the proper reasons of reasons for elimination of illegality .Post hoc self-rescue has a series of estab-lished conditions , namely , cause condition , timing condition , main body condition , subjective condition and limi-tation condition .Those self-rescue behaviors which don't agree with the established conditions may lead to unin-tentional crime or intentional crime .Those self -rescue behaviors that agree with the established conditions can implement proper self -defense or emergent rescue .