“V他+QM+NP”构式的承继解析及其功能理据探究

摘要

现代汉语的双及物构式“吃他三个苹果”结构的两个子类，A式和B式具有同形非同构的特点。A式是汉语双及物构式的一个子类，表“取得义”，属于广义的致使范畴；B式变异为“V他+QM+NP”构式，和汉语“V 了+QM+NP”构式范畴共有某些语用特征。从量词的同一性来分析，B 式又包含了三个同构多义的子类。%The construction as “Chi ta san ge ping guo” possesses the characteristics of constructional homonymy. It at least could be taken as two constructions, A and B with the same form. A is the sub-construction of Chinese ditransitive, expresses the meaning of “get”. B does not have the function of “cause to transfer”,but expresses the statement with subjectivisation, prominently protrude the concept of“general amounts”that is supposed to be the same with Chinese construction“VP+QM+NP”. The construction“Vta+QM+NP”governs three sub-constructions because of constructional polysemy.