人的欲望与欲望中的人——论王小波的欲望叙事在主体建构中的意义

摘要

Wang Xiaobo takes the function of written desire in subject construction and self-realization as the standard to judge desire narration.He opposes desire as the center of narrative purpose and always regards the subject of desire as the object to be concerned and focus to be taken,and carries out self salvation from insufficient or overwhelming desire as well as desire circulation and exchange channel.He criticizes the desire prevention caused by the lack of ＂absolute need＂,one of the three essential human desires,and its negative effects that the subject is restricted and controlled.He laughs at the moral self-motivation in desire nar-ration,denies various ways to circulate and exchange desires,and tends to struggle positively in a negative form when subject is troubled in the control relationship of desire sequence,which is reflected in the exploration of the expressive function of sexual desire.%王小波以被书写的欲望在主体建构和自我实现中的作用作为评判欲望叙事的标准,他反对以欲望为中心的叙事目的,始终以欲望中的主体作为观照对象和表现焦点,从匮乏和泛滥的欲望以及欲望流转的交易渠道中实施主体救赎。他批判了三种基本人欲之＂绝对需求＂匮乏造成的欲望受阻及其带来的主体受限和受控的消极后果,也对欲望叙事中的道德＂自激＂加以嘲讽。他否定了欲望流转和交换的种种渠道,对于主体陷溺于欲望排序中的统辖关系困境倾向于一种寓于消极形式之中的积极抗争,这表现为对＂性欲＂之表达功能的开掘。