泉州地区16738例儿童呼吸道感染病原体检测结果分析

摘要

目的：对儿内科住院的呼吸道感染患儿进行非细菌病原体 IgM 抗体血清检测，了解本地区导致呼吸道感染常见的非细菌病原体流行病学特点。方法：收集16738例明确呼吸道感染的患儿血清标本，采用间接免疫荧光法检测肺炎支原体（MP）、嗜肺军团菌（LP）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、肺炎衣原体（CP）、腺病毒（AD）、流感病毒 A 型（FluA ）、流感病毒 B 型（FluB）和副流感病毒（PIV）8种常见病原体的 IgM 抗体。结果：在16738例血清标本中，FluB 、MP 阳性率较高，其次为 FluA 、RSV 、LP 。 MP 在两年间5、6、7、8月份的阳性率均较高。 FluB 在6、12月份的检出率髙于其他月份。 MP 在各个季节间的阳性率不同，春夏季较高；MP 与其他非细菌病原体的混合感染有278例，约占1.7％，其中主要是 MP 和 LP 的混合感染，占33．5％（93／278）。2岁以上的患儿 M P 阳性率高于2岁以下的患儿，2岁以下的婴幼儿主要感染 RSV 。结论：近3年泉州地区引起儿童呼吸道感染的非细菌病原体主要是 FluB 、MP 。不同病原体的阳性率与季节有一定相关性，泉州地区 MP 在春夏季的感染率较髙，在2岁以上儿童中阳性率高，RSV 在2岁以下的婴幼儿中阳性率高。%Objective :To investigate the IgM antibodies against non-bacterial pathogens of hospitalized children in Quanzhou area ,and to provide evidences for clinically anti-infection theory and the pathogen tests .Methods :A total of 16 738 blood serum samples from hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection were collected .Indirect immuno-fluorescence assay was applied to detect IgM antibodies of 8 common pathogens .Results :IgM antibodies of non-bacterial pathogens were detected in 11 976 samples .Influenza virus types B(FluB)and Mycoplasma pneumonia(MP)showed the higher positive rates ,followed by Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ,Influenza virus types A (FluA ) ,Legionella pneu-mophila(LP) .The positive rate of MP was relatively high in May ,June ,July and August .FluB and Parainfluenza virus (PIV) was found to be popular in June and December .The positive rate of MP showed statistically significant high in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter (P< 0 .001) .Mixed infection of MP and other non-bacterial patho-gens were 278 cases ,accounting for 1.7% ,the main of which is MP and LP ,accounting for 33 .5% .MP infection is more common in children older than 2 years old ,while RSV infection is more common in infants less than 2 years .Con-clusion :FluB and MP are the main non-bacteria pathogens for respiratory tract infection of children aged in Quanzhou area in recent 3 years .The positive rate of each pathogens is variable in difference mouths .The positive rate of MP is relatively higher in spring and summer .MP infection is more common in children older than 2 years .RSV infection is more common in infants less than 2 years .