汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童语素分辨及运用能力

摘要

The present study investigated morphological awareness and morphological usage in Chinese children with and without developmental dyslexia. While Experiment 1 aimed to characterize morphological awareness in Chinese developmental dyslexia, Experiment 2 examined the morphological usage. Results suggest （1）that there is significant impairment in the morphological awareness and usage in dyslexic children as compared to normal children; （2）that there are deficiencies in the morphological awareness in developmental dyslexia; the backwardness of morphological differentiation and usage illustrates that deficiency in morphological awareness is the main cause of developmental dyslexia in Chinese; （3）that the morpho-logical awareness plays a critical role in the development of reading ability in primary school children.%比较汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童和阅读正常儿童完成同音语素分辨任务和语素构词任务的情况，测查汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的语素分辨及运用能力。研究一考察了语素分辨能力，结果发现：与阅读正常儿童相比，阅读障碍儿童完成语素分辨任务的反应时更长、准确率更低。研究二考察了语素运用能力，结果发现：与阅读正常儿童相比，阅读障碍儿童完成语素运用相关任务的反应时更长、正确率更低。两个研究的结果提示我们，汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童存在语素意识缺陷，从语素分辨能力到语素运用能力的落后，说明语素意识缺陷是造成汉语发展性阅读障碍的重要原因，汉语的语素意识在儿童阅读中起着至关重要的作用。