认知神经科学是在综合心理学、神经学、社会学等学科基础上发展起来的一门交叉型学科。近年来认知神经科学领域的自尊研究是在自我评价神经机制研究的基础上对自尊的神经机制展开研究和探索的。核磁共振技术（FMRI）研究的证据表明：自我评价的神经表征主要涉及脑区中的内侧前额叶及周边区域，认知评价和情感效价分别对应于大脑中不同的脑区。事件相关电位技术（ERP）的研究结果表明：自我评价能够诱发更大的P300成分，并且自尊对记忆和注意都会产生认知加工偏向。目前自尊的认知神经科学研究还存在研究方向较为单一、与临床应用联系不紧密等问题。%Cognitive Neuroscience is the comprehensive of Psychology ,Neurology and Sociology .This pa-per reviews the research of self-esteem and the cognitive neural mechanisms based on self-appraisal .In re-cent years ,FMRI data showed that self-appraisal related to M PFC and surrounding areas .Cognitive ap-praisals and emotional valence are corresponding to brain areas respectively .ERP reveals that self-apprais-al may increase the P300 ,and self-esteem may cause cognitive processing bias of memory and attention .At present ,some problems still exist in the research ,for example ,the research direction is single ,and is not strongly linked to clinical application .
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