《格林童话》的性别观对儿童性别意识形成的影响--以《灰姑娘》和《白雪公主》为例

摘要

《格林童话》中以《灰姑娘》和《白雪公主》为代表的一类童话，在讲述童话故事的同时，体现了男权文化传统影响下“男才女貌”“男刚女柔”的“性别刻板印象”以及“男主女从”“男主动女被动”的“两性关系刻板印象”。这种“刻板印象”以故事讲述的方式，描述了男女两性的性别特质、性别角色和性别规范行为，为儿童提供了一种性别期待和榜样示范，使儿童不自觉地趋同于童话中的性别观念，并用它来指引自己的行为活动。%The spellbinding stories of Grimms′Fairy Tales such as Cinderella and Snow White reflect the gender stereotype which is men should be able and strong while women should be beautiful and gentle and the stereotype of the gender relationships,which are man are dominant and active while women are subordinate and passive.With the story-telling method,the stereotype describes the gen-der features,roles and standardized behaviors of the men and women,and offers children a gender expectation and model demonstration in order that children can identify the gender consciousness in the fairy tales unconsciously and be guided with it.