大屠杀中犹太儿童的日常生活书写--以尤里·奥莱夫的儿童小说为例

摘要

Uri Orlev,an Israeli children′s author who focuses on writing on daily life of Jewish children during the Holocaust,describes plenty of details of lives,culture and psychology.He shows the living conditions of Jewish children and the deterioration of human rela-tions after the disorganization of social order.Through cultural details he also reveals the double crises Jewish children are facing—sur-vival crisis and identity crisis,and the reflection on the humanity remaining in the Holocaust and the harm which the Holocaust has brought to humanity through psychological details.Orlev′s works provide a model to describe the Holocasut in the context of children′s fiction as well as the references on how to relieve children from the psychological shadow of the Holocaust.%以色列儿童文学作家尤里·奥莱夫通过大量的生活、文化与心理细节展现了大屠杀时期犹太儿童的日常生活。他在生活细节中表现了犹太儿童个体的生活状态以及秩序崩坏后人与人之间关系的变化；在文化细节中揭示了犹太儿童面临的生存危机与身份认同危机；在心理细节中反思了大屠杀时期中正常的人性以及大屠杀给人性造成的戕害。奥莱夫的作品为在儿童文学的语境下言说大屠杀提供了范本，也为如何让儿童走出大屠杀阴影提供了依据。