范畴化视角下的汉语名量搭配--以晋方言“根”为例

摘要

从认知语言学的角度，量词与名词的选择性共现实质上是量词对名词代表的概念的范畴化。我们运用原型范畴理论分析了晋方言的量词“根”对名词的范畴化。“根”范畴成员具有[+长条][+根部][+圆柱][+坚硬]属性，通过家族相似性将它们联系起来，原型成员具有更多的属性，其他成员具有其中的一个或几个属性，范畴的扩张通过隐喻、转喻、意象图式或规约等方式来实现。%From the perspective of cognitive linguistics,the collocation of the noun and the classifier actually reflects how the classifier categorizes the conception of the noun. According to the theory of Prototype Category,we analyze how the classifier‘gen’ modifies the categorization of the noun in Jin dialect. The members of‘gen’bear the following property—‘length’,‘root’,‘cylinder’ and‘hardness’. We connect the above conceptions through family resemblance. The prototype bears more properties and other members bear one or several properties. The category expands through metaphor, metonymy and image schema.