《许三观卖血记》“前景化”直接引语的美学价值

摘要

Xu San Guan Mai Xue Ji (Xusanguan Selling His Blood) is a novella characterized in rhetorics of direct speech, in which the direct speeches enhance the directness, vividness and dramatic quality of text and helps shape character personalities. Nevertheless, there are many rule-breaking direct speeches: in term of structure, there are some variations; in term of narrative fluency, some are clumsy rather than simplicity; in terms of genuine transcription , some are not consistent with the context; in term of special sound effect, some are not in line with the hero's particular psychological conditions. Those “foregrounding” direct speeches are aesthetically significant to highlighting the text's theme.%《许三观卖血记》是一部主要由人物直接引语叙述修辞来展示的小说，大量直接引语的配备增强了文本的直接性、生动性和戏剧性，对塑造人物性格起到了很好作用。但文本中也存在许多有悖于相关准则的直接引语现象：从直接引语的结构来看，文本中存在少量直接引语的变异形式；从叙述的流利性来看，有的直接引语并不干净利落，显得相当笨拙；从人物对话原原本本的记录来看，有的直接引语不符合现场对话的叙述语境；从特殊的音响效果来看，有些直接引语与人物特定的心理状态不相吻合，等等。这些具有“前景化”特征的直接引语，对凸显文本主题具有重要的美学意义。