野田内阁加入TPP的战略意图探析

摘要

The Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement （TPP） is designed to fully liberalize trade, investment and personnel exchanges. The Noda cabinet＇ s intentions of joining the TPP are to promote the international competitiveness of Japanese enterprises, to restructure its agriculture and to revitalize its economy. Externally, Japan intends to consolidate its alliance with the U. S. in order to contain China＇ s rise and occupy a favorable position in the Asia-pacific economic integration. Out of these considerations, Noda decided to join the TPP negotiations regardless of the risk of political division and the opposition from Japan＇ s agricultural sector which has long relied on subsidies and trade protection, as well as the medical association that wishes to maintain the current medical system.%TPP是一种旨在实现贸易、投资及人员往来等全面自由化的高水平自由贸易协定。野田内阁意图通过TPP提升日本企业的国际竞争力,推动国内农业的结构性改革,重振日本经济;在对外关系上,则欲借此修复巩固日美同盟,配合美国牵制中国的战略布局,并在未来亚太经济一体化的进程中占据有利位置。基于上述战略意图,尽管遭到日本国内长期依赖财政补贴及贸易保护的农业部门和希望继续维持现有医疗保障体系的医师会等团体的坚决反对,以致日本面临政治分裂的风险,野田仍作出了参加TPP谈判的政治决断。