先秦两汉时期贵族女性的政治行为

摘要

During the pre -Qin and two Hart Dynasties, the aristocratic women are very active in the political, military and diplomacy and their influence should not be overlooked. However, their political power has instability and limitations. The instability means that women＇s political power can not maintain the some level in the long term. The limitation means that the male officials still control the countryg various levels of administrative power while a fixed system of the women as political officials is lacked of in the royal administration which lead to the political power is concentrated in a few senior lady, and the impact limited to court. The main reason for the formation of these two characteristics is that these ladies do not have a legitimate political power themselves. Their power are derived from male, and they are still in a subordinate position.%先秦两汉时期的贵族女性在政治、军事、外交领域中非常活跃，具有不可小觑的影响力。但是，其政治权力具有不稳定性和局限性。不稳定性即女性政治权力不可能长期保持在同一水准；局限性则指缺少固定的女性外庭官员制度，使得政治权力集中于少数高级贵妇，影响局限于宫廷，国家各级行政权力仍由男性官员掌控。形成这两个特点的主要原因在于贵妇们本身并不拥有合法的政治权力，其权势是男权的衍生，她们依然处于附属地位。