抚痛而能笑——论《灵与肉》中许灵均的悲剧性与喜剧性

摘要

张贤亮的短篇小说《灵与肉》自一九八零年九月在《朔方》发表以后，引起了读者和文艺界的普遍注意。然而，评论界对这篇以受难知识分子为描写对象的小说之评价基本是停留在政治文化、现实意义上。其实，小说在悲剧性的背景下，也在审美地创造“现实”，以审美的眼光摄照现实与灵魂。凝聚在主人公许灵均命运遭遇中的伤痕与美好、痛苦与快乐、荒唐与幸福，在蕴含深刻哲理的同时，也展示着悲喜交融的美学风格，让人们在对生活真谛和灵魂深度的审美认识中，抚痛而能笑。%Since Zhang Xian liang's short story "Flesh and Soul" published in "Shuo fang" in September, 1980, causing widespread attention from the readers and the literary and art circles.However,critics on the evaluation of the novel that describing the suffering intellectuals .And basically remained in the political culture and the practical significance. In fact, under the tragic background, it creates "realistic" aesthetically, reflecting reality and soul from aesthetic vision. The fate of the hero Xuling Jun who suffered scars and beautiful, pain and pleasure, absurd and happiness, his fate also demonstrates a blending aesthetic style of sorrows and joys contains the profound philosophy, making people forget pains and start to laugh on the aesthetic consciousness of life and depth of soul.