To optimize the extraction process of capsaicin from dry red capsicum ,the effects of ex-traction solvent ,solid-liquid ratio ,granularity of the capsicum peel ,extraction time and times on the extraction rate and purity of capsaicin were studied .The results showed that the optimum granularity of the capsicum peel was between 0 .425 mm and 0 .850 mm ;the optimum extractant was the mixture of ethanol and petroleum ether ,and the ethanol volume concentration was 20% ;the optimum solid-liquid ratio was 1∶3 with 1∶2 for the first time ,1∶1 for the second time ;the extraction time was 3 h .Under this condition ,the extraction ratio of capsaicin was 98 .9% ,and the capsaicin purity was 9 .92% ,which was as much as 10 times of capsaicin purity using the ethanol as extractant usually and was beneficial to the further purification of capsaicin from the extract mixture .%为了优化干红辣椒中辣椒素的提取工艺，以辣椒素提取率和纯度为指标，采用单因素和正交试验，探讨提取溶剂、固液比、辣椒皮粉粒径、提取时间和提取次数对干红辣椒中辣椒素提取率和纯度的影响。结果表明，从干红辣椒中提取辣椒素的最佳辣椒皮粉粒径为0.425～0.850mm；最佳提取剂为乙醇和石油醚的混合溶液，且其乙醇体积分数为20％；最佳固液比为1∶3（分2次提取，第1次为1∶2，第2次为1∶1）；最佳提取时间为3h。在该条件下，干红辣椒中辣椒素的提取率可达98.9％；提取产物辣椒素的纯度可达9.92％，是普通乙醇提取法的10倍，这有利于辣椒素的进一步纯化。
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