硒锗组合对蛹虫草主要活性成分的协同效应

摘要

为了探讨微量元素硒锗组合对蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)中主要活性成分虫草素、腺苷和虫草多糖产生的协同效应,选择Na2SeO3质量浓度依次为5、10、15 mg/L,GeO2质量浓度依次为100、200、300、400 mg/L,正交设计配制成12个硒锗组合质量浓度组,按照常规固体培养蛹虫草的方法,分别添加在基本培养基中,观察蛹虫草子实体在硒锗组合影响下的生长情况,再分别使用高效液相色谱和苯酚-硫酸法测定虫草素、腺苷和虫草多糖的含量.结果表明:经过不同质量浓度的硒锗组合处理,所有样品组的子实体生长发育都很健壮旺盛,绝大部分都呈金黄色,而且比空白对照组粗壮、色深.在生物量方面,相同条件下的鲜质量与干质量都明显大于对照组,干质量增长率最高可达14.50％.所有样品处理组的虫草素、腺苷和虫草多糖含量都高于对照组.当硒锗组合质量浓度为10 mg/L×300 mg/L时,子实体中虫草素含量达到最高,为1.12％,是对照组的2.89倍;当硒锗组合质量浓度为15 mg/L×100 mg/L时,子实体中腺苷含量最高为0.116％,是对照组的2.7倍;当硒锗组合质量浓度为10 mg/L×200 mg/L时,虫草多糖的合成量达到最高(5.72％),为对照组的1.93倍.硒、锗2种微量元素能显著影响蛹虫草子实体的生长发育及其主要生理活性物质的含量,硒、锗同时添加时具有明显的协同效应,有利于蛹虫草子实体生物量的增加以及虫草素、腺苷和虫草多糖的生物合成.%To study the synergistic effects of Se and Ge on the contents of cordycepin,adenosine and polysaccharide of Cordyceps militaris,12 Se and Ge combination groups were prepared using 5,10,15 mg/L of Na2SeO3 and 100,200,300,400 mg/L of GeO2 and added in the basic culture medium with the conventional solid culture of Cordyceps militaris.The effects of Se and Ge on the fruitbody biomass were observed and the contents of cordycepin,adenosine and polysaccharide of Cordyceps militaris were determined by HPLC and phenol sulfuric acid.The results showed that after treatment with different concentrations of Se and Ge,all fruitbodies of sample groups grew better,and the majority was stouter and more yellow than the control group.Under the same conditions,the fresh weight and dry weight were significantly higher than the control group with the growth rate of dry weight reaching 14.50％.The contents of cordycepin,adenosine and polysaccharide in all the sample groups were higher than that of control group.When the combination concentration of Se and Ge was 10 mg/L × 300 mg/L,the content of cordycepin in fruitbody reached the highest concentration of 1.12％,which was 2.89 times higher than that of the control group.When the combination concentration of Se and Ge was 15 mg/L × 100 mg/L,the content of adenosine in fruitbody was up to 0.116％,which was the highest and 2.7 times higher than that of the control group,and when the combination concentration of Se and Ge was 10 mg/L × 200 mg/L,the content of polysaccharide reached the highest concentration of 5.72％,which was 1.93 times higher than that of the control group.Se and Ge as two kinds of trace element can significantly affect the growth of fruitbody of Cordyceps militaris and the contents of its main physiologically active substances.Simultaneous addition of Se and Ge into the basic culture medium shows obviously synergistic effect.Se and Ge can increase the biomass and the biosynthesis of cordycepin,adenosine and polysaccharide of Cordyceps militaris.