宋代城守积极防御思想

摘要

宋代各级军事将领、军事理论家以大量的军事斗争实践为基础,总结了许多城守思想,其积极防御思想,在这些思想中尤为突出,具体表现在四个方面:第一,有备无患、先策御敌思想;第二,守中有攻、攻防结合思想;第三,依靠百姓、发动民众思想;第四,敌变我变、变在敌先思想.在这些思想的指导下,宋军取得了不少城守战的胜利.然而,由于军政的腐败及长期奉行消极防御战略,这些优秀的作战思想,在宋朝并没有完全发挥出应有的作用.%All levels of the Song Dynasty military generals,military theorists based on a large number of military struggle practice,summed up a lot of defense thoughts,especially the thoughts of active de-fense.There was specific performance in four aspects:the first policy is to resist the enemy's thought;the second is to defend the attack,and have the thought of the combination of attack and defense;the third is to rely on the people,and arouse the people to action;the fourth is to change when the enemy changed,and change in advance of the enemy's change.Under the guidance of these thoughts,the Song Dynasty achieved many victories in the battle of the city.However,due to the corruption of the military government in the Song Dynasty and the long-term passive defense strategy,these excellent operational ideas have not fully played their due role.