关联理论与非字面话语含义的推导

摘要

This paper starts by explaining literal and non-literal utterance, which gives rise to the ques⁃tion whether there are differences between the hearer’s cognition processes of the two. Then Grice's approach to metaphor and hyperbole is discussed and a practical application of relevance theory in non-literal utterance is explored, which leads to the conclusion that there is no clear cut-off between literal utterance and non-liter⁃al one, and the listeners are all trying to seek the ultimate relevance.%　　文章首先对字面话语与非字面话语进行解释，提出听者对两类话语的认知过程是否不同这一问题。通过分析对比格莱斯对于暗喻和夸张的解释，及Sperber和Wilson的关联理论在非字面话语中的实际应用，得出结论字面话语与非字面话语间没有分界点，听者在理解话语的过程中都试图寻找最佳关联。