人本自由摧毁社会秩序——《浮士德悲剧》中瓦伦丁形象之诠释

摘要

In pursuit of humanistic freedom,Faust destroyed the divinity-social order.He finally achieved the so-called "freedom" while putting others into prison;a number of people's lives were thereby ruined.Similar to Gretchen,the brother Valentin was also one of the victims of Faust's quest for freedom.Valentin's social function as a soldier symbolized that he was in maintenance of an established social order,and took his order from the divinity;he detested Faust's seduction of his sister Gretchen because it not only fouled her reputation,damaged the family honor,but also threatened the social order and profaned the divine will;it was Faust's quest for "humanism-freedom" and violation of the social order,but not Valentin's fault that made Gretchen a victim.%在追求人本-自由的过程中,浮士德摧毁了神性-社会秩序;在获得所谓"自由"的同时,他却将他人投入牢狱,一路上毁灭了多个生命.与格雷琴一样,她的哥哥瓦伦丁也是浮士德在追求自由过程中所造成的众多牺牲品之一.瓦伦丁的士兵角色象征着他维护既定的社会秩序,听命于神性声音;他对浮士德勾引他妹妹深恶痛绝,这不仅败坏了妹妹的名声,破坏了家族的荣誉,更是触犯了社会秩序,违背了神性意志;格雷琴成为牺牲者并非瓦伦丁所为,而是浮士德追求"人本自由"、毁坏社会秩序的必然结果.