Objective To investigate the biological characteristics of primary osteoporosis syndrome types from the perspective of mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA) , thus to reveal the nature of osteoporosis and its traditional Chinese medical syndrome types. Methods A total of 210 osteoporosis women patients meeting the diagnostic criteria, inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were collected from July of 2011 to October of 2013. The osteoporosis patients were differentiated into the syndrome types of yin deficiency of liver and kidney ( N=67) , yang deficiency of spleen and kidney ( N=70) and qi stagnation and blood stasis ( N=73) . And a total of 69 age-matched post-menopause non-osteoporosis patients were chosen as the control group, which were classified into the syndrome of harmony of Qi and blood. The peripheral blood was sampled for detecting mtDNA copy number with fluorescent quantitatitation PCR and for examining 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine ( 8-OHdG) content by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . Statistical methods was used to analyze the correlation of bone mineral density (BMD) with mtDNA copy number and 8-OHdG content in different groups. Results The difference of mtDNA copy number was significant between the osteoporosis patients and non-osteoporosis patients (P<0.05), and was also significant among the three syndrome types of osteoporosis patients (P<0.05) . And 8-OHdG content showed the same features between the osteoporosis patients and non-osteoporosis patients (P<0.05) and among the three syndrome types of osteoporosis patients (P<0.05) . The correlation analysis results showed that mtDNA copy number was positively correlated with BMD, while 8-OHdG was negatively correlated with BMD in each group. Conclusion The mtDNA copy number and 8-OHdG content are correlated with the syndrome types of primary osteoporosis patients, and close correlation is shown between spleen-kidney yang deficiency and 8-OHdG, and between liver-kidney yin deficiency and mtDNA copy number.%【目的】从线粒体DNA （mtDNA）角度探讨骨质疏松症中医证型的生物学特征，以期认识和了解骨质疏松症及其不同中医证型的本质。【方法】选择符合诊断标准的女性骨质疏松症患者210例，根据骨质疏松症的中医辨证分型分为肝肾阴虚证67例，脾肾阳虚证70例，气滞血瘀证73例。同时选择年龄相仿的绝经后非骨质疏松症女性69例作为对照组，该证型为气血平和证。分别收集其外周血，采用荧光定量PCR及酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测各组mtDNA拷贝数及8－羟基脱氧鸟苷酸（8－OHdG）的含量，并分析各组骨密度与mtDNA拷贝数及8－OHdG的相关性。【结果】在mtDNA拷贝数方面，各组与气血平和组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05），肝肾阴虚组、脾肾阳虚组与气滞血瘀组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。在8－OHdG浓度方面，各组与气血平和组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05），肝肾阴虚组、气滞血瘀组与脾肾阳虚组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。在相关性方面，各组mtDNA拷贝数与骨密度呈正相关，8－OHdG与骨密度呈负相关。【结论】 mtDNA拷贝数和8－OHdG含量与骨质疏松症中医证型存在相关关系，其中脾肾阳虚与8－OHdG，肝肾阴虚与mtDNA拷贝数关系最为密切。
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