论跨文化传播的可能性

摘要

This paper addresses the possibility of intercultural communication, which involves answering four questions, namely:can I communicate? How to balance the relationship between me, us and them? How is cultural diversity and unity possible? And how to face the dual cultural role of media as both bridge and gap? It contends that this possibility lies in shifting the subject-object mindset of“me and other”to that of inter-subjectivity between“me and you”, with inter-subjectivity be-ing further transformed into inter-culturality so that a mutually beneifcial cultural construct is achieved. Putting oneself in oth-er’s shoes suspends one’s prejudice so that one can see and hear and then understand“the other”to get a multi-dimension-al perspective of culture. Political issues of intercultural communication should be solved in light of free cultural pluralism to protect cultural diversity and the right to choose cultures but oppose taking cultural diversity as an excuse for cultural apartheid and isolation. Intercultural communication should be regarded as practical reason for seeking ethic integration among cultures, with different, historical cultural ethics being respected and diverse, interactive cultural ethic being actively constructed. A con-textualized understanding of other cultures and a possible connection between cultures would reveal possible conflicts between cultures and establish a dynamic interactive mechanism in terms of cultural articulation.%跨文化传播涵盖四个方面的基本问题，即我能够交流吗？“我、我们与他们”的关系如何走向自由、平衡？文化的多样性统一如何可能？如何面对媒介作为桥与沟的双重文化角色？本文论述了这四个基本问题，认为跨文化传播的可能性在于，把“我与他”的主客体思维转换为“我与你”的主体间性（inter-subjectivity）思维，并进一步把主体间性转换成文化间性，形成文化的互恵结构；“从他者出发”把自己的偏好悬置起来，从而看见他者、听见他者进而理解他者，建构文化的多维视野；从自由的文化多元主义层面建构跨文化传播的政治问题，即保护文化的多样性和文化选择权，反对把文化多样性作为文化隔离和封闭的借口；把跨文化传播当作是一种实践理性，寻找文化间的伦理融合，既尊重文化伦理的差异性、历史性，又积极建构文化伦理的多样性互动关系；提供对他者文化的语境式理解以及文化间的可能联系，揭示文化间的可能的冲突，在文化的构连中建立动态的互动机制。