具有开口结构SnO2空心微球的水热合成及表征

摘要

Hollow SnO2 microspheres with an open structure were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method,using sodium stannate and urea as starting materials.Effects of concentration of urea and hydrothermal time on the formation of hollow SnO2 microspheres were studied.The as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD,SEM and TEM and the formation mechanism of hollow spheres was discussed.Results indicated that hollow SnO2 microspheres with a diameter of about 2μm had a shell thickness of 250 nm and were built from nanosheets or nanocrystals.Urea not only played an important role in the SnO2 self-assembly into microsphere, but also acted as the soft template resource for the formation of hollow structure.Meanwhile,this special open structure formed by the escaping of bubbles provides fast channel for the introducing of functional particles and had a very good application prospects.%以锡酸钠和尿素为原料,采用水热法制备出具有开口结构的SnO2空心微球.主要考察了尿素浓度和水热时间对空心微球形貌的影响；利用 XRD、SEM、TEM等分析手段对空心结构进行了表征,并对空心微球的形成机制进行了讨论.结果表明,SnO2空心微球直径约为2μm,球壳由 SnO2纳米片或纳米晶粒堆积而成,壁厚约250 nm.尿素不仅有助于纳米粒子自组装成微球,其分解产生的气泡还可以作为软模板形成空心结构；同时因气泡逸出形成的特殊开口结构可以为引入功能性粒子提供快速通道,具有很好的应用前景.