极低碳水化合物饮食干预对肥胖者肺通气功能及代谢指标的影响

摘要

目的 研究极低碳水化合物饮食干预对肥胖者的肺通气功能及相关代谢指标的影响.方法 按照体质指数(BMI)和体脂率(PBF)的肥胖标准选取来我院行健康体检的肥胖者,给予极低碳水化合物饮食(VLCD)干预8周,干预前后用相同的方法检测人体成分、肺功能及血清中的相关代谢指标,干预过程中每周进行跟踪随访.观察VLCD的减重效果,分析VLCD对肥胖者肺活量(VC),用力呼气肺活量(FVC),第一秒用力呼气量(FEV1),第一秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC)等通气功能及总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),空腹血糖(FPG)等代谢指标的影响.结果 极低碳水化合物饮食干预后,肥胖者的BMI、FBP、WHR与干预前比较均有明显减小,T值分别为12.11、9.73、11.99(P值均<0.01);生化指标TC,LDL-C,FPG跟干预前比较均有明显减小,T值分别为6.11、5.76、6.43(P值均<0.01);TG跟干预前比较均有明显减小,T值为2.15(P值<0.05);HDL-C较干预前增大,T值为-4.91(P值<0.01);肺通气指标VC,FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF,FEF25％,FEF75％与干预前比较均有明显升高,T值分别为-8.36、-6.63、-9.63、-3.6、-8.18、-6.29、-3.79.结论 VLCD能显著降低肥胖者的BMI、PBF和WHR,同时有效调节血糖和血脂,改善肺功能损伤,降低肥胖者患糖尿病和心脑血管疾病的风险.%Objective To study the effect of extremely low carbohydrate diet on pulmonary function and bio -chemical indexes in obese subjects .Methods The obese subjects , who defined by BMI and PBF as described in the first part, were treated with very low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) for 8 weeks.The body composition, pulmonary func-tion and serum biochemical indexes were detected by the same test method , and all subjects were follow-up every week in the process of treatment .The effect of VLCD on weight loss was observed , and the influence of VLCD on pul-monary ventilation indexes ( VC, FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC) and biochemical indexes ( TC, TG and FPG) was an-alyzed.Results The BMI, FBP and WHR of obese subjects were significant reduced after treated with VLCD .The biochemical indexes of TC , TG, LDL-C and FPG were decreased , and HDL-C was increased when the treatment was completed.Pulmonary ventilation indexes (VC, FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, PEF, FEF25％, FEF75％) had also been improved after treated with VLCD .Conclusion VLCD could significant decrease the BMI , PBF and WHR of obese subjects , and effectively regulate the blood glucose and blood lipid , indicating it can repair the damage of pul-monary function , reduce the risk of suffering from diabetes and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in obese patients.