江苏省12家精神专科医院医护人员职业倦怠调查

摘要

Objective To survey job burnout among medical staffs of psychiatric hospitals in Jiangsu in order to provide reference for relieving job burnout of psychiatric medical staffs.Methods Investigations were conducted with Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Occupational Well-being Scale (OWS) and general information questionnaire in 512 medical staffs.Results Among them 83.44% had moderate to severe emotional exhaustion (EE);88.68% had moderate to severe depersonalization (DP);96.02% had diminished personal accomplishment (DPA).EE was severest in 30~39 years, EE scores were significantly higher in medical staffs with master and above than in ones with other educational backgrounds, so were DP scores in psychiatric nurses than in doctors (P<0.01) and in contract medical staffs in permanent ones (P<0.05);DPA scores were significantly higher in staffs with senior than in ones with primary and middle title as well as in ones of provincial than in ones of prefecture and county hospital (P<0.01).Conclusion Medical staffs have severer job burnout in Jiangsu province, attention should be paid to the characteristics of ones with 30~39 years, primary and middle title, contract, unmarriage, high educational background, different levels of hospitals to purposefully improve job burnout.%目的 了解江苏省精神专科医院医护人员职业倦怠现状,为减轻精神科医护人员职业倦怠提供参考. 方法 用Maslach系列职业倦怠量表、职业幸福感量表和一般情况调查量表对12家精神专科医院的512名医护人员进行问卷调查. 结果 83.44%的精神科医护人员存在中度到重度的情感衰竭现象;88.68%的医护人员存在中到重度的去人格化现象;96.02%的精神科医护人员个人成就感偏低.30岁-39岁的医护人员情感衰竭程度最严重,硕士及以上学历的医护人员情感衰竭维度评分显著高于其他学历,精神科护士去人格化维度评分显著高于医生(P<0.01),合同制医护人员去人格化维度评分显著高于编制内(P<0.05);高级职称医护人员低个人成就感维度评分显著高于初中级职称(P<0.05),省级医院医护人员低个人成就感维度评分显著高于地级市和县级市(P<0.01). 结论 江苏省精神科医护人员职业倦怠较严重,需重点关注30岁-39岁年龄段、初中级职称、合同制的、未婚的、高学历的、不同级别医院医护人员,有针对性地改善职业倦怠情况.