文学的胸襟：关于五四新文学和新时期文学

摘要

The May Fourth New Literature and Literary took place during the major political upheaval time for seeking liberation and freedom of literature and in big changes and transformation of literature,and have a beginning nature.However,the former has a political,ideological,cultural,and historical all-round vision,the latter＇s scar literature,the reform literature,reflect literature are confined to the political eyes,lacks of historical reflection,although the roots of literary and obscure poetry got historical perspective and the contemplation of the West,lacks of political enthusiasm and participation.The former describes the historical and social significance of the issues,character and mentality,the latter＇s scar literature,the reform literature,just reflect the viewpoint of political line,the roots of literary and obscure poetry are confined to culture.Overall,the May Fourth New Literature is broad-minded than the new literature,herefore its influence also is more far-reaching.This shows that our writers must not only concern the future of the country,but also have the spirit that throughout history and watching world,of course,adhere to the literary consciousness and autonomy.%五四新文学和新时期文学都是政治大动荡中,为寻求文学的解放和自由而发生的,都是大变革、大转型之中的文学,且都具有开局的性质。但是,前者具有政治、思想、文化、历史全方位的视野,而后者的伤痕文学、改革文学、反思文学却是囿于政治的眼光,缺乏历史的观照。寻根文学和朦胧诗虽有历史的视野和中西方的观照,却又缺乏政治的热情和参与精神;前者描写的是具有历史和社会意义的问题、性格和心态,后者的伤痕文学、改革文学、反思文学的视点却只是政治路线,而寻根文学和朦胧诗却又往往囿于文化方面。总的说来,五四新文学的胸襟要比新时期文学宽阔得多,因而它的影响也要大得多。由此说明,我们的作家不但要有对于国家前途的牵念,还要有纵观历史、眼望世界的气概,当然还要坚持文学的自觉性和自主性。